They do not, and this has been shown repeatedly by independent testing. Mosquito repellents need to be present on the skin and one band on the wrist will not deter mosquitoes from biting ankles, arms, and the neck.
The idea of wearing a wristband that can repel mosquitoes is attractive. They don’t make a mess or smell. Kids will wear them. They seem like a tidy solution to a messy problem. But regrettably, the evidence does not support them as much as most users would like.
Repellents like DEET, picaridin, and oil of lemon eucalyptus all disrupt the mosquito's ability to find skin to land on. But the effective range is in inches, not feet. This is why repellents applied to the skin evenly work and why wristbands don’t protect ankles. Independent product-testing organizations and university entomology programs have both spent a lot of time researching this. And these organizations have both come to similar conclusions. Wristbands don’t show great results, and a lot of the time, they show none.
A lot of brands use essential oils like citronella, geraniol, or lemongrass. All of these can repel mosquitoes at close range. In fact, many of these ingredients have their place in professional mosquito control treatment. But the tricky part is that they all evaporate quickly, so a wristband using these ingredients can work perfectly well in the lab and not at all on a patio.
What does work is unglamorous. EPA-registered repellent (with DEET or picaridin) is the gold standard when it is applied to exposed skin, and reapplied per the label. Permethrin-treated clothing is another good option. You may also deter some mosquitoes by putting up a fan in seating areas. But beyond that, your best bet for reducing mosquito encounters without repellents or treated clothing is to have a professional treat your yard.
If you are tired of dealing with mosquitoes, Mosquito Squad of Chicago can help. Mosquito Squad treats the foliage where mosquitoes rest. This can help you protect your yard with up to 90% reduction in mosquito activity on a recurring 21-day cycle.